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Mr. Big (police procedure)
Mr. Big (sometimes known as the “Canadian technique”) is a covert investigation procedure used by undercover police to elicit confessions from suspects in cold cases (usually murder). Police officers create a fictitious criminal organization and then seduce the suspect into joining it. They build a “relationship” with the suspect, gain his confidence, and then enlist his help in a succession of criminal acts (e.g., credit card scams, selling guns). Once the suspect has become enmeshed in the criminal gang he is persuaded to divulge information about the specific crime under investigation.
The Mr. Big technique was developed by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) in British Columbia in the early 1990s. It has been used in more than 350 cases across Canada as of 2008.〔R v Hart, 2014 SCC 52, para. 56〕 The RCMP claim that the person of interest was either cleared or charged in 75% of cases. Of the cases prosecuted, an estimated 95% result in a conviction.〔(【引用サイトリンク】website= B.C. RCMP )〕
==Description==
While the details of the technique vary from case to case, the Mr. Big cases usually share a common design. Prior to engaging the suspect, he or she is placed under surveillance over a period of time (typically weeks) so the police can learn more about the target’s personality and his habits. This information helps undercover officers develop an interactive scenario. In most cases, the suspect is socially isolated, economically disadvantaged, unemployed and has few friends. An undercover operative will then attempt to develop a social bond by “bumping into” their target at a nightclub, or in public, claiming that they need help (e.g., flat tire, femme fatale in a broken-down car, etc.). A “friendship” between the operative and the suspect is then established. The operative will proceed to provide the target with entertainment, gifts, companionship, meals, and eventually employment. The suspect will be asked to complete small “criminal” tasks for large sums of money. These odd jobs can vary from counting large stacks of cash to retrieving packages from locked cars. The “illegal” activities gradually increase in seriousness and in frequency. The suspect is led to believe that he is an “up-and-comer” in the organization and that a permanent change in lifestyle is imminent. As many as 50 operatives can be involved in one undercover operation, which “involves a steady escalation in association, influence and pressure, leading up to the creation of an atmosphere in which it is deemed appropriate to encourage the target to confess” to his involvement in the crime under investigation.〔R v Hart, 2014 SCC 52,¶233〕 The scheme culminates in a meeting with Mr. Big, the senior-most member of the organization. The kingpin, a trained police interrogator, will employ a range of threats and inducements in an attempt to extract a confession to the crime being investigated. Mr. Big will tell the target that he has received information from the police, and that the suspect’s impending arrest will be a threat to the gang’s security. As such, the big boss needs to know everything so that he can clean up any loose ends. Mr. Big may offer to frame someone else if the suspect gives him all of the information of the case, he might propose to have a confederate suffering from a terminal illness take the fall, or he may tell the suspect that a mole in the police force could manipulate or destroy any incriminating evidence if he confesses to the crime. In one case, the operatives went as far as to stage a false homicide in which the target was partially involved, and then told the suspect that because he had incriminating evidence about them, he must confess something to them as a sign of good faith to the boss and as a form of “insurance”. In any case, the target is made to believe that by confessing to Mr. Big, he will prove himself to be honest, trustworthy, and able to follow orders. The final meeting is usually recorded, and once a confession is obtained, the lavish lifestyle and elaborate criminal world that has enveloped the suspect quickly implodes, and his newfound friends reveal their true identities. The suspect is arrested and charged with a criminal offense.
The Mr. Big technique is often used as a last resort to investigate cold case files, or where the police strongly suspect someone of committing a crime but have been unable to secure sufficient evidence. The Mr. Big technique has been “used to secure convictions in hundreds of cases.” There is no disputing that it has been highly effective in obtaining confessions from guilty suspects. The problem, however, is that innocent suspects have been given numerous and compelling reasons to want to stay in the criminal organization. Consequently, lying to Mr. Big and falsely confessing may be a risk worth taking if, as a result, the target will continue to enjoy the enhanced lifestyle and camaraderie of his new friends.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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